Comparative review on control strategies for doubly fed induction generator-based wind energy harnessing system

Abstract

Doubly fed induction generator (DFIG)-based variable-speed wind energy harvesting systems (WEHS) are widely employed owing to high efficiency and reliable grid integration under variable wind conditions. This paper presents a comprehensive review of conventional, intelligent, and hybrid control strategies for DFIG-based WEHS. Unlike previous studies that primarily focus on specific control techniques, this study systematically compares different approaches based on key performance indicators-dynamic response, total harmonic distortion (THD), robustness, and fault ride-through (FRT) capability. Conventional controllers such as proportional–integral (PI) control, field-oriented control (FOC), and direct torque control (DTC) are evaluated alongside intelligent techniques, including fuzzy logic control (FLC), artificial neural networks (ANNs), adaptive control, and optimization techniques. The comparison shows that intelligent and hybrid control strategies achieve superior dynamic response, lower THD, enhanced robustness, and improved FRT capability, although they require higher computational resources. Furthermore, this review highlights critical research challenges, including the lack of experimental validation, the absence of standardized benchmarking frameworks, and the complexity of real-time implementation in high-power WEHS. Finally, future research should focus on developing hybrid intelligent controllers, establishing evaluation methodologies, and integrating advanced control strategies with smart grid technologies to improve power quality, voltage regulation, and reliability of modern wind energy systems.